Cybersecurity has become a social necessity as it is an issue that has effects beyond the technological field. From the economy or national security to defending fundamental rights and public freedom, all spheres are at risk in cyberspace. In addition to technology, cybersecurity includes people, the processes that connect them and their governance, as well as the data they generate, share and store. Spain has developed significant cybersecurity capabilities. However, the constant evolution of technology and threats leads to substantial challenges for training and collaboration in the national network, equal access to cybersecurity, and management of the disruption associated with emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence or quantum computing.