Sweden has over 40 instrument airports, of which 33 are municipally or regionally owned. These airports are vital for national accessibility, emergency preparedness, and defense. However, they suffer from persistent financial deficits due to low passenger volumes. The state provides operating grants through the Swedish Transport Administration (Trafikverket), recently increased from SEK 103 million to 210 million annually, with a further proposed increase to SEK 318 million from 2026 to ensure long-term viability. Airports demonstrating fossil-free operations can apply for an additional SEK 1 million grant. The Committee on Transport’s follow-up study aims to answer questions in three main areas: 1. Accessibility and Competitiveness Has increased state support improved the long-term viability of regional airports? Has it strengthened their competitiveness? What factors explain performance differences between airports? How have travel patterns and attitudes toward domestic flights evolved? 2. Environment and Fossil-Free Transition How are regional airports reducing emissions and adapting infrastructure for electric or biofuel aircraft? What are the main obstacles and opportunities to reaching fossil-free operations by 2030? What impact have climate-differentiated airport fees had? 3. Crisis Preparedness Does the emergency airport system ensure essential societal functions? How well does it operate in practice? Do the compensation levels cover the airports’ real costs? The study will be conducted using interviews with stakeholders, document and statistical analysis of domestic aviation trends, and surveys directed at regional airports and the public regarding accessibility and attitudes toward air travel..