Reproductive medicine offers medical and technical options for couples struggling to conceive. This includes all treatments and procedures involving human oocytes, sperm or embryos with the aim of achieving pregnancy and the birth of a child. This book outlines the types, prevalence and causes of fertility problems. The authors describe all current approaches offered by reproductive medicine to bring about pregnancy and the birth of a child. They discuss in detail the health consequences, risks and psychological burdens associated with reproductive medical treatments, and the extent to which these can be reduced or avoided. For the first time, the effectiveness and success rates of these procedures in clinical practice in Germany, Europe and other countries are analysed and discussed in a comparative manner. The analysis is rounded off by a discussion of possible further developments in the legal framework in Germany, as well as an outlook on options for action for German policymakers and the need for further societal clarification.