New methods are now available for processing mined metal ores that produce essentially no pollution compared to existing techniques. The large-scale development of these methods would allow EU mines to reopen, greatly contributing to EU sovereignty targets while lowering carbon emissions. Demonstrations of these technologies in Europe already exist at industrial scale, and current regulatory frameworks could be adapted to accommodate and promote their use. With the rollout of carbon pricing on imports (CBAM), new technologies could meet demand for greener materials. Simultaneously, new recycling technologies could help fulfil circular economy goals and prevent harmful destruction of e-waste.