The term bioprinting refers to 3D printing processes that make it possible to produce functional biological tissues and organs. Biomaterials and cell cultures are printed to create complex three-dimensional structures that mimic natural tissue architecture. In a medical context, bioprinting is already being used to produce tissue models for medical research and drug development. The future goal is to produce customised tissue and organs as part of individualised, regenerative medicine. The prospect of individualised therapies and printed replacement organs raises hopes for improved medical care. However, the technical challenges currently still include the precise control of cell placement and ensuring the long-term functionality of the printed tissue. There are also questions about availability and potential social inequality due to the high costs. In addition, there are open ethical debates about the possible improvement of human capabilities through biotechnological interventions (human enhancement) with the help of bioprinting. Regulatory and legal issues - including patentability and data protection - have also not been conclusively clarified, as existing regulations and laws are often still inadequately tailored to the new technology. There are also regulatory uncertainties regarding the authorisation and monitoring of bioprinting products.